Oral liquids are homogeneous liquid preparations of a solution, an emulsion or a suspension of one or more active ingredients with suitable excipients.
A List of Excipients Used in Liquid Formulation
• Alcohol (Ethanol 96%) – amount may vary (as a solvent)
• Alpha Tocopherol - 0.001 to 0.05% v/v (as an antioxidant)
• Ascorbic Acid - 0.01 to 0.1% w/v (as an antioxidant)
• Bentonite - 0.5 to 5% (as a suspending agent)
• Benzoic Acid – 0.01 to 0.15% (as an antimicrobial preservative)
• Benzyl alcohol – up to 2% v/v (as an antimicrobial preservative)
• Butylparaben – 0.006 to 0.05% (as an antimicrobial preservative)
• Carbomer – 0.5 to 1% (as a suspending agent)
• Carboxymethylcellulose sodium – 0.1 to 1% (as a viscosity increasing agent)
• Dispersible Cellulose – amount may vary (as a dispersing agent or suspending agent)
• Citric Acid Monohydrate – 0.1 to 2% (as a buffering agent)
• Colloidal Silicon Dioxide – 2 to 10% (suspending and thickening agent)
• Disodium edetate – 0.005 to 0.1% w/v (as a chelating agent)
• Glycerin – up to 20% (as a sweetening agent in alcoholic elixirs)
• Lecithin – 0.25 to 10% (as an emulsifying agent or solubilizing agent)
• Methylparaben – 0.015 to 0.2% (as an antimicrobial preservative)
• Poloxamer – 1 to 5% (as a stabilizing agent)
• Propylene glycol – 10 to 25% (as a solvent)
• Propylparaben – 0.01 to 0.02% (as an antimicrobial preservative)
• Saccharin – 0.02 to 0.5% (as a sweetening agent)
• Sucrose – 67% w/w (as a sweetening agent)
• Xanthan gum – amount may vary (as a suspending or thickening agent)
Read also: Percentage of Excipients Used in Cream Formulation
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